John e



count y ot'Nori'olkand State of Virginia, have Joan-e. rouse, Ja, OFNORFOLK COUNTY, VIRGINIA.

' ERN-Lissa.

srnormcamon' foi'ming 'part of Letters Patent No.

' Application filed March 14, 1833. (No specimens.)-

.To all whom zt-mcy concern; 4 Be it known that I,'JOHN R. YOUNG, Jr., a c tizen of the United-States, residing in the invented a new and useful Improvement in Fertilizers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in the compounding of phosphatic guano and night-soil with sol-1 1o phuricacid, wherebythe night-soil is rendered inofi'en'sive and a highly-efiectiveand valuable fertilizer prod need by the reciprocal and cour .bined chemical action of the'iugredieuts.

from the vault, four hnnd five pounds of ,In carryingout my invention I take about one hundred gallons-of night-soil as itcomes red pounds ot'phos phatic guano,

sulphuric acid. These materials are placed, in a tank or other suitable vessel and thoroughlymixe d together, either by hand or by aid of maehi nery. Whentheresulting I mosp'h'ereon drying-beds, or, by aid jot snita-' 'ble drying machinery. After being pulverized chemical actionis complete th e compound is evaporated to \dryness by exposure to the atit is ready for use.

Phosphatic guauos are'those which contain a large percentage of phosph uric acid combined with lime, formingphosphate oflime. When decomposition ensues, resulting in the forma such are treated with sulphuric acid chemical tionot' soluble 'superphosphate and sulphate of lime;

Phosphatic gnu-nos coutain,also, carbonate of lime, thedecomposition of which by sulphuric acidgives sulphate of lime, with the liberation of carbonic-acidgas, (carbon dioxide.)

The chemicalaction and changes resulting.

"from the compounding with night-soil of phosv explained.

phatic guano and sulph First. Theammonia of the night-soil converted intoa sulphate, thereby fixing it; and

preventing loss by volatilization.

Second. The phosphate of limebeing acted on by the sulphuric acid, superphos'phate and sulphate of lime are formed. The phosphoric acid is thereby rendered soluble or available as plant-food. V

Third. The carbonate of lime being d'ee'oin posedby the sulphuric acid, additional-sol phate of'lime is formed. The'liherated can home-acid gas escaping throughout the mass 1 makes it flight and porous. I I t 7 Baume) acid is important.

and one hundred and scventyuric acid may be thus 278,480, dated May 29, 1883.;

Fourth. Sulphate of lime, especially in the nascent state, hash strong ahinity for water. Thelarge percentage of it formed in the compound aidsefi'ectually in reducingthe moistare and setting the mass.

Fifth. The heat generated by the resulting, chemical action in presence ot'org'anic matter causes a deoxidatiouof a portion of the sulphuric' acid, liberating sulphm'onsaacid gas, (sulphur dioxide) which acts as a powerful deodorizerand disinfectant. The strongest (66 As the natural 'phosphatic-gnano deposits vary in theper cent. of phosphate of lime and the'avuilabiliryof its phosphoric acid, the proportions of ingredients in the compound may be varied to suit the strength ofmaterial used and amount of phosphoric acid desired.

The compound resulting fromthe combination of ingredients named and chemical action described is an ammoniated superph'osphatn containing theconibiued valuable properties of night-soil and phosph'atic guano in t'lie'niost available condition for plant-food. My compound thus avails and ntilizestlie valuable l'ertilizing materials namcda-to witfiu-rightsoil and phosphatic guano-4n much more eli'ectivecon' dition than heretofore obtained by compounding them separately with sulphuric acid. After the compound is thoroughly decomposed, evaporated to dryness, and pulverized, it is -ready for bagging.

' 'My i'n'vention'posscsscsthe important advantage of depriving night-soil of its offensive odor, with other objectionable properties, and rendering it fine and dry, so it can he sown by machinery 'or from'the hand Without ofl'ense to the person, these results being accomplished by the addition ofonlys'nch articlesas add to I its value as'a fertilizer, while it retains all its L fertilizing composition consistingof night-e;

soihphosphatic guano,'andsulphuric aeid stantially in the proportions set forth.

t oun arouse, JR.

.- Witnesses B. W. UROMWELL,

\VM. E. Wnirnumzsr.

tion, the fol- 

